Via Appia is the first and most important of the great roads built by the Romans, also known as regina viarum. It was built in the late fourth century B.C., in 312, to provide rapid and direct communication between Rome and Capua. According to the Roman historian Livy, it was built by the censor Appius Claudius Blind, after whom it was named. Construction of the first section of the Via Appia began in 312 B.C. at the behest of the censor Appius Claudius Blind, but work on the entire road project continued for more than a century, advancing by successive lots. In imperial times, the opening to transit of the Via Traiana, built by Emperor Marcus Ulpius Trajan by means of first-rate infrastructural works, would later significantly contribute to speeding up connections between Rome and the East, so much so that it was preferred to the Via Appia Antica itself in the terminal stretch Benevento-Brindisi. The second name regina viarum (queen of the roads) is taken from a verse by the Latin poet Publius Papinius Statius, who in the first century A.D.-when the Via Appia was by then entirely passable, while the Via Traiana did not yet exist-wrote: Appia longarum teritur regina viarum (the Appia, queen of the long roads, is traveled). The process to nominate the site was initiated by the Italian Ministry of Culture in 2022. Its recognition was at the 46th session of the UNESCO Committee, held July 21-31, 2024 in New Delhi.
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